NETS - Phenotypes
What are phenotypes?
An individual’s phenotype refers to their observable traits, such as height or eye color. This is the physical expression of an individual’s genes, or genotype. DNA is packaged into 23 chromosomes, and every person has two copies of each chromosome, with one copy inherited from each parent (46 total chromosomes). Each chromosome contains certain genes that code for specific molecular processes and traits, and different versions of the same gene are called alleles. Combinations of these alleles create genotypes, which translate to phenotypes. In addition to genetic factors, a person’s phenotype is also influenced by environmental factors.
Why are phenotypes important in drug development?
Phenotypes have played a role in drug development for a long time. Researchers develop drugs and then monitor the observable, or phenotypical, changes as a response to the drug. If the drug produces positive phenotypical results, that means the drug is beneficial.
Testimonials: How we did it
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Relevant Publications
Sage Bionetworks: Genetics of Gene Expression and Its Effects on DiseaseSage Bionetworks: An Integrative Genomics Approach to Infer Casual Associations between Gene Expression and Disease
Sage Bionetworks: Variations in DNA Elucidate Molecular Networks that Cause Disease
Sage Bionetworks: Integrating Pathway Analysis and Genetics of Gene Expression for Genome-Wide Association Studies
Related Tools
NIH, NHGRI: The Cancer Genome Atlas Data Portal
NCBI: dbGaP
University of Tokyo and Japan Science and Technology Agency: Japanese SNP Database
NIDDK: Data, Biosample, and Genetics Repository
Biological Specimen and Data Repository Coordinating Center
The Jackson Laboratory: Mouse Genome Informatics
