The research community will benefit from increased enrollment in clinical trials and research activities due to the protections against genetic discrimination afforded by GINA. In the informed consent process, when discussing the potential risks associated with a particular research activity or study, researchers should include information about GINA or resources for participants to access to obtain additional information about GINA. The health insurance provisions of the bill took effect 12 months after the date of signing, on May 21, 2009. The protections in employment took effect 18 months after the date of signing, on November 21, 2009.